Senin, 09 Oktober 2017

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE


1.      Definition of Passive and Active Voice

1.1.Passive Voice

Passive voice is in the indirect writing style, which means the subject receives the verb’s action. Passive voice is the form of a verb in which subject is affected by the action of the verb. In other words, the form of a verb in which subject of the sentence has an action done to it by someone or something.
Important note – the object of the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice.

1.2.Active Voice

Active voice is direct writing, which means the subject does the verb action. The form of a verb in which subject is the person or thing that performs in action. The active voice emphasizes the actor (the doer of the action).


2.      Characteristic of Passive and Active Voice

2.1.Passive Voice

-          There is always a form of the verb to be
-          The sentences type generally longer
-          The subject is not acting
-          There is ‘by’ added in the sentence to make who has done the action
-          This form may or may not tell clearly about the action who has done it
-          Only use transitive verbs so it changes the sentences having object into this voice

2.2.Active Voice

-          The subject of sentence in active form is the starting of the sentence
-          Subject followed by the form of ‘to be’, verb and object
-          Tells clearly about the action who has done it
-          The sentences type is generally shorter
-          Even being done in past tense, the verb generally follows the subject
-           
3.      Transitive and Intransitive Verb

3.1.Transitive Verb

Transitive verb is a word that conveys action to the reader. It takes a direct object (a thing, a person, upon if the action is performed) to complete sentence. Here are some examples of transitive verb:
X  I sell                              I sell the book
X  He wears                                  He wears a glasses
X  She writes                    She writes a letter
X  They build                    They build a house
The sentence is incomplete without an object. It has no meaning. The object that can be used in transitive verb can be a noun or pronoun. 

3.2.Intransitive Verb

Intransitive verb is the opposite of transitive verb it doesn’t have to add an object to complete the sentence. The thing or person on which the verb acts is not visible within the sentence. Here are some examples of intransitive verbs:
     
                    Don’t cry
                    I fell
                    She died

4.      Pattern from Active to Passive Voice

ACTIVE
PASSIVE
Present Simple
He does the reparation
Is/am/are + past participle
The reparation is done by him
Past Simple
She did the laundry
Was/were + past participle
The laundry was done by her
Present Continuous
I am sweeping the floor
Is/am/are + being + past participle
The floor is being swept by me
Past continuous
He was calling his mom
Was/were + being + past participle
His mom was being called by him
Present Perfect
He has done the homework
Have/has + been + past participle
The homework has been done by him
Past Perfect
She had cleaned the dirt
Had + been + past participle
The dirt had been cleaned by her
Future (will)
I will eat those cakes
Will + be + past participle
Those cakes will be eaten by her
Future (going to)
He is going to break the rules
Is/am/are + going to + be + past participle
The rules is going to be broken by him
Infinitive
She wants to buy the dress
To be + past participle
She wants the dress to be bought by her
Modal
He can do the task
Modal + be + past participle
The task can be done by him
Gerund
They are building a company
Being + past participle
A company is being built by them
Present Conditional
When I have time, I do the filing
Get + past participle
When I have time, the filing gets done



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